The EGFR mutation test is useful for determining the suitability of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR mutations are present in 38-43% of lung adenocarcinomas, and determine response to drugs such as erlotinib, afatinib, and gefitinib. This assay includes mutations at exon points 18-21, including the T790M mutation that can predict resistance to TKI therapy.

Genomic testing for breast, ovarium, pancreas, and prostate cancer. The BRCA 1 dan BRCA 2 genes are tumor suppressor genes located on chromosomes 17q2 & 13q12.

Tumor markers are compounds that can be found at abnormal levels in the body if cancer is present. Several tumor markers that can be examined:

1. Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) -> Liver cancer, ovarian cancer

2. Beta-2-Microglobulin -> Multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, malignant lymphoma

3. Ca 15-3 -> Breast cancer

4. Ca 125 -> Ovarian epithelial cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, cervical cancer

5. Ca 72-4 -> Cancer ovarian, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract

6. Ca-19-9 -> Pancreatic cancer, digestive tract

7. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) -> Testicular and Ovarian Cancer

8. Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) -> neuroendocrine tumors such as small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and carcinoid tumors

9. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) -> Prostate Cancer

Platelet aggregation serves to detect abnormal platelet blood clotting function. Platelet hyperactivity increases platelet aggregation which can lead to thrombosis, resulting in blocked blood vessels.